What is emotionally focused therapy (EFT)?
Emotionally focused therapy (EFT) is a psychological intervention approach rooted in attachment theory. EFT was developed as a targeted therapeutic strategy for adults experiencing difficulties in romantic relationships. As a humanistic psychotherapy approach, EFT aims to help clients process and communicate suppressed or underlying emotions to improve self-awareness in the context of resolving relationship issues. It operates on the premise that emotional responsiveness underpins healthy attachments; thus, improving this can enhance secure connections.
The EFT cycle is a model that explains how emotions, thoughts, and actions interact within relationships. This theory suggests that people tend to fall into repetitive patterns of interaction, creating self-perpetuating dysfunctional relationship dynamics.
Therapy exercises designed to break the EFT cycle have three stages. Each stage builds upon the previous one, moving from reducing conflict to enhancing connection and ensuring lasting improvements (Greenberg, 2010):
- De-escalation: Focuses on reducing negative interactions to create a safer emotional environment.
- Restructuring interactions: Aims to improve emotional responsiveness and foster positive cycles of interaction.
- Consolidation: Solidifies the changes, integrating new interaction patterns into the relationship's fabric for long-term stability.










