What is self regulation?
Self regulation is the broad psychological process of recognizing and controlling cognitions, affect, and behavior in a way that is context-appropriate. It comprises many skills and is essential for all aspects of effective daily functioning, including positive relationships, completing work to deadlines, and maintaining physical health.
Children begin to learn to self regulate in early childhood and continue to develop these skills throughout the lifespan. For example, infants eventually learn to self-soothe and go to sleep without the help of their attachment figure. Slightly older children will learn not to hit others when frustrated, delay gratification for larger rewards, or wait their turn even if they feel impatient.
Social-emotional learning involves growing one's understanding of emotions and consequences and facilitating skills such as emotional regulation, persistence, and self-control. It also includes learning to cope with challenges, dispel negative thoughts, manage frustration or intense emotions, and practice behaviors that contribute to positive outcomes.
According to Bandura's social cognitive theory, self regulation operates through three key subfunctions. Initially, individuals self-monitor to understand the effects of their behavior. Next, that behavior is evaluated against personal standards and contextual factors. Finally, this culminates in affective self-reactions or feelings about the behavior (e.g., guilt). These create anticipatory self-sanctions that guide subsequent behavior (Bandura, 1991).










