Drug Overdose ICD-10-CM Codes

Learn about the ICD-10 codes used for drug overdose, their clinical applications, and their significance in medical documentation, through this guide.

By Matt Olivares on Aug 8, 2025.

Fact Checked by Karina Jimenea.

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What ICD-10 codes are used for drug overdose?

Correctly deciphering and applying ICD-10 codes for drug overdose is critical to medical documentation and billing. These codes not only facilitate accurate record-keeping but also ensure streamlined healthcare processes.

Here, we delve into some of the most frequently used ICD-10 codes for drug overdose and their clinical descriptions.

T50.911A - Poisoning by multiple unspecified drugs, medicaments and biological substances, accidental (unintentional), initial encounter: Clinically, it's deployed when the exact substance causing the adverse reaction is unknown or unreported. The broad spectrum covered by this code makes it widely applicable in various clinical scenarios where the causative substance isn't identified. The patient's overdose is unintentional/by accident, too.

T50.901A - Poisoning by unspecified drugs, medicaments and biological substances, accidental (unintentional), initial encounter: Similar to T50.911A, this code is used when the specific drug, medicament, or biological substance isn't known, and the patient overdosed unintentionally/by accident.

T50.991A - Poisoning by other drugs, medicaments and biological substances, accidental (unintentional), initial encounter: This code comes into play when a a patient overdoses due to medicaments, biological substances, or other drugs by accident.

T40.1X1A - Poisoning by heroin, accidental (unintentional), initial encounter: It represents cases where heroin has been accidentally ingested or administered, leading to harmful effects.

T36-T50: These codes pertain to poisoning by drugs, medicaments, and biological substances. They encompass a wide range of substances, from antibiotics (T36) to hormones and their synthetic substitutes (T38) to agents primarily affecting the cardiovascular system (T46).

For the initial encounter codes, replace the A with D for subsequent encounters, and replace the A or D with S for sequela.

Which drug overdose ICD codes are billable?

All the aforementioned codes are valid and billable. For those under the T36-T50 range, most are valid and billable.

Do note that these codes are for drug overdoses. This can't be used for overdoses due to other substances like alcohol.

Clinical information

A drug overdose is a critical medical condition that occurs when an individual ingests or applies a drug or other substance in quantities more substantial than what's medically recommended or safe. The severity of the situation can range from mild discomfort to life-threatening emergencies.

Overdoses can stem from various scenarios - recreational use, therapeutic errors, or intentional misuse. Recreational overdoses occur when individuals intentionally consume drugs for their mind-altering effects, exceeding safe limits. Therapeutic errors refer to inadvertent overdoses where there might be a miscalculation in dosage by healthcare providers or the patient themselves. Intentional misuse signifies deliberate over-consumption with the aim of self-harm or suicide.

The symptoms of a drug overdose can vary widely, depending on the type of drug consumed and the quantity taken. Mild symptoms could include drowsiness, confusion, and nausea. More severe cases might present with seizures, respiratory distress, unconsciousness, or even death.

The onset of symptoms can be swift or gradual, depending on the drug's nature and the mode of administration. Some substances may cause immediate reactions, while others might lead to slowly progressing symptoms.

Immediate medical attention is crucial for any suspected drug overdose. Timely intervention can significantly improve the prognosis and prevent potential complications. It's essential to provide emergency responders with as much information as possible about the drug consumed, the quantity, time of ingestion, and any existing medical conditions the individual may have.

Treatment for drug overdose varies based on the drug involved and the patient's condition. It may involve supportive care, specific antidotes, decontamination methods like activated charcoal, or life-saving measures such as artificial respiration or defibrillation.
Due note that death via drug overdose is not mutually exclusive, meaning that death due to overdose doesn't mean it's due to one specific drug. Multiple drugs may be involved.

Synonyms include

Accidental drug poisoning
Drug intoxication
Overdose poisoning
Accidental medicinal poisoning
Overdose due to other and unspecified drugs
Adverse effects of taking too many drugs
Drug overdose due to external causes
Overdose due to drug use
Drug overdose, undetermined intent
Drug overdose with certain other consequences
Overdose due to other vaccines
Opioid overdose
Methadone abuse and overdose
Medicament poisoning

Popular search terms for drug overdose ICD-10-CM codes

Drug overdose ICD-10 code
ICD-10 drug overdose
Drug overdose diagnosis codes
ICD-10 codes for drug overdose

Commonly asked questions

Use a drug overdose ICD code when documenting a case where a patient has taken drugs in quantities greater than recommended, leading to adverse effects.

Treatments vary widely based on the type of drug taken but may include activated charcoal, antidotes, life-support measures like breathing support, and intravenous fluids.

A diagnosis code for drug overdose indicates that a patient has taken a drug in quantities greater than recommended, leading to adverse effects. The specific code can give additional information about the type of drug and whether the overdose was accidental or intentional.

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