HCPCS code L1971: Ankle foot orthosis with ankle joint, prefabricated

A custom-fabricated AFO (e.g., L1970) is made from raw materials over a model of the patient's extremity, ensuring a unique and precise fit. A prefabricated AFO (e.g., L1971) is a pre-manufactured item that is trimmed, bent, and/or molded to fit the patient. The distinction is in the manufacturing process and the degree of customization required.

Yes—minor modifications such as trimming or bending a prefabricated device for proper fit, provided they don’t cross into full custom fabrication, still qualify under L1971. Custom fabrication transitions billing to L1970.

Required documentation includes: supporting diagnoses (neuromuscular weakness, gait instability, etc.), functional limitation assessment, justification for a jointed prefabricated AFO over alternatives, details of fitting and adjustment, and compliance with LCD “reasonable and necessary” criteria.