Achilles Tendonitis Treatment Guidelines

Common types of Achilles injuries include Achilles tendinitis, which is inflammation and pain caused by tendon strain and can be further categorized into insertional Achilles tendinitis, affecting the area where the tendon connects to the heel bone, and non-insertional Achilles tendinitis, which involves the mid-portion of the tendon. Another common injury is Achilles tendinosis, a degeneration of tendon tissue without significant inflammation. Achilles tendon ruptures can also occur, involving a complete or partial tendon tear due to sudden force or trauma.

Achilles tendinopathy refers to chronic pain and dysfunction in the Achilles tendon, which connects the calf muscles (gastrocnemius and soleus) to the heel bone. It often results from repetitive stress, excessive strain, or degeneration of the tendon tissue. Common injuries include Achilles tendinitis, which may involve inflammation and pain due to tendon strain, and Achilles tendinosis, a degenerative condition without significant inflammation. Achilles tendon ruptures, characterized by a complete or partial tendon tear, can occur from sudden force or trauma.

Common Achilles tendonitis symptoms include pain and stiffness along the tendon, swelling near the heel, and discomfort during physical activity or after rest. Initial treatment focuses on conservative measures, NSAID medications, and physical therapy. A physical therapist may recommend stretching and strengthening exercises for the calf and Achilles tendon to improve flexibility and reduce strain. Severe cases may require further interventions, including Achilles tendinitis surgery for persistent symptoms.